PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.